Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary - grind
Связанные словари
Grind
grind
I. verb (ground; ~ing) Etymology: Middle English, from Old English ~an; akin to Latin frendere to crush, ~ Date: before 12th century transitive verb 1. to reduce to powder or small fragments by friction (as in a mill or with the teeth) 2. to wear down, polish, or sharpen by friction ~ an ax 3. a. oppress, harass b. to weaken or destroy gradually — usually used with down poverty ground her spirit down 4. a. to press together with a rotating motion ~ the teeth b. to rub or press harshly ground the cigarette out 5. to operate or produce by turning a crank ~ a hand organ intransitive verb 1. to perform the operation of ~ing 2. to become pulverized, polished, or sharpened by friction 3. to move with difficulty or friction especially so as to make a grating noise gears ~ing 4. drudge; especially to study hard ~ for an exam 5. to rotate the hips in an erotic manner • ~ingly adverb II. noun Date: 13th century 1. a. an act of ~ing b. the sound of ~ing 2. a. dreary, monotonous, or difficult labor, study, or routine b. one who works or studies excessively 3. the result of ~ing; also material ground to a particular degree of fineness a drip ~ of coffee 4. the act of rotating the hips in an erotic manner Synonyms: see work
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1.
v. & n. --v. (past and past part. ground) 1 a tr. reduce to small particles or powder by crushing esp. by passing through a mill. b intr. (of a mill, machine, etc.) move with a crushing action. 2 a tr. reduce, sharpen, or smooth by friction. b tr. & intr. rub or rub together gratingly (grind one's teeth). 3 tr. (often foll. by down) oppress; harass with exactions (grinding poverty). 4 intr. a (often foll. by away) work or study hard. b (foll. by out) produce with effort (grinding out verses). c (foll. by on) (of a sound) continue gratingly or monotonously. 5 tr. turn the handle of e.g. a coffee-mill, barrel-organ, etc. 6 intr. sl. (of a dancer) rotate the hips. 7 intr. coarse sl. have sexual intercourse. --n. 1 the act or an instance of grinding. 2 colloq. hard dull work; a laborious task (the daily grind). 3 the size of ground particles. 4 sl. a dancer's rotary movement of the hips. 5 coarse sl. an act of sexual intercourse. Phrases and idioms grind to a halt stop laboriously. ground glass 1 glass made non-transparent by grinding etc. 2 glass ground to a powder. Derivatives grindingly adv. Etymology: OE grindan, of unkn. orig. ...Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference
2.
1) измельчение, размалывание; растирание (в порошок); мелкое дробление измельчать, размалывать, молоть; растирать; мелко дробить 2) помол (качество измельчения) 3) цел.-бум. дефибрировать 4) продукт помола (вальцевого станка) 5) растир (печатной краски) растирать (печатную краску) 6) шлифование шлифовать 7) мн. ч. отходы при шлифовке 8) заточка затачивать; править (инструмент) 9) изнашивать 10) притирка; приработка притирать(ся); прирабатываться to face grind — затачивать (инструмент) по торцу; to grind in — притирать, пришлифовывать; to grind off — сошлифовывать; to grind out — расшлифовывать (внутреннюю поверхность); to thin grind — уменьшаться в размере при заточке (об инструменте) ...Большой Англо-русский Русско-английский политехнический словарь
3.
дробление; измельчение помол; продукт помола шлифование, шлифовка; заточка; притирка polish grind ...Англо-русский строительный словарь
4.
1) вышлифовать 2) вышлифовывать 3) дробить 4) затачивать 5) затирать 6) зашлифовать 7) зашлифовывать 8) измалывать 9) измельчать 10) измельчить 11) отшлифовать 12) перетирать 13) подшлифовывать 14) притереть 15) притирать 16) раздробить 17) размалывать 18) размол 19) растирать 20) смалывать 21) точить 22) шлифовать - grind a tool - grind a valve - grind by attrition - grind drill - grind glass - grind on centers - grind the bark ...Англо-русский Русско-английский научно-технический словарь
5.
1. размалывание 2. разг. тяжелая, однообразная, скучная работа this work is a considerable grind —- эта работа довольно однообразна и тяжела do you find this work a grind? —- ты считаешь эту работу скучной и однообразной? it's a constant grind —- приходится тянуть лямку what a grind! —- ну и работенка! to go back to the old grind —- снова впрячься в работу, снова надеть на себя хомут 3. разг. долбежка learning this text is a grind —- этот текст приходится зубрить 4. ам. зубрила 5. студ. разг. скачки с препятствиями 6. спорт. тренировочное занятие по ходьбе 7. молоть, размалывать, перемалывать; толочь; растирать to grind flour —- молоть муку to grind wheat in a mill —- молоть пшеницу на мельнице to grind corn into flour —- перемолоть зерно на муку to grind small —- мелко смолоть to grind to powder —- стирать в порошок to grind colours —- растирать краски to grind smth. with one's heel —- раздовить что-л каблуком to grind smth. between one's teeth —- размалывать что-л зубами 8. молоться, размалываться, перемалываться this wheat grinds well —- эта пшеница хорошо мелется 9. шлифовать, полировать to grind dry —- шлифовать всухую to grind a lens —- шлифовать линзу 10. точить, оттачивать to grind a knife —- точить нож 11. стачиваться; шлифоваться 12. наводить мат 13. тереть со скрипом или скрежетом to grind the teeth —- скрежетать...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
6.
out а) вымучивать из себя, выполнять с большим трудом Dying of thirst, the desert traveller ground out a request for water. б) tech. вытачивать This machine grinds out the crushed rock ready for road building. в) придавить, растоптать (окурок и т.п.) г) пиликать When will the pianist stop grinding out the same old tunes? GRIND up измельчать, размалывать This rock can be ground up and used for road building. GRIND away усердно работать (at); учиться Yes, Im still grinding away at the same old job. GRIND down а) размалывать(ся) Mills used to use heavy stones to grind down the wheat into flour, now they use more modern machinery. б) стачивать A new knife needs to be ground down to get it really sharp. в) замучить The villagers of the Middle Ages were often ground down by their lords and masters. Dont let the army grind you down! GRIND in а) пришлифовывать, притирать б) вдалбливать Your only hope of passing the examination is to have these facts ground in by endless repetition. GRIND 1. noun 1) размалывание 2) тяжелая, однообразная, скучная работа 3) прогулка для моциона 4) скачки с препятствиями 5) amer.; coll. зубрила 6) coll. зубрежка Syn: see labour 2. v.; past and past part. ground 1) молоть(ся), перемалывать(ся); растирать (в порошок); толочь; разжевывать to grind the teeth - скрежетать зубами 2) точить, оттачивать; полировать; шлифовать; гранить (алмазы) 3) наводить мат, делать матовым (стекло) 4) стачиваться; шлифоваться 5) тереть(ся) со скрипом (on, into, against - об(о) что-л.) ...Англо-русский словарь
7.
(grinds, grinding, ground) 1. If you grind a substance such as corn, you crush it between two hard surfaces or with a machine until it becomes a fine powder. Store the peppercorns in an airtight container and grind the pepper as you need it. ...the odor of fresh ground coffee. VERB: V n, V-ed • Grind up means the same as grind. He makes his own paint, grinding up the pigment with a little oil. PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron), also V n P 2. If you grind something into a surface, you press and rub it hard into the surface using small circular or sideways movements. ‘Well,’ I said, grinding my cigarette nervously into the granite step. VERB: V n prep • If you grind your teeth, you rub your upper and lower teeth together as though you are chewing something. If you know you’re grinding your teeth, particularly at night, see your dentist. PHRASE: V inflects, V n 3. If you grind something, you make it smooth or sharp by rubbing it against a hard surface. ...a shop where they grind knives... The tip can be ground to a much sharper edge to cut smoother and faster. VERB: V n, be V-ed to n 4. If a vehicle grinds somewhere, it moves there very slowly and noisily. Tanks had crossed the border at five fifteen and were grinding south. VERB: V adv/prep 5. The grind of a machine is the harsh, scraping noise that it makes, usually because it is old or is working too hard. The grind of heavy machines could get on their nerves. N-SING: oft N of n 6. If you refer to routine tasks or activities as the grind, you mean they are boring and take up a lot of time and effort. (INFORMAL) The daily grind of government is done by Her Majesty’s Civil Service... N-SING: oft adj N c darkgreen]disapproval 7. see also grinding 8. If a country’s economy or something such as a process grinds to a halt, it gradually becomes slower or less active until it stops. The peace process has ground to a halt while Israel struggles to form a new government. PHRASE: V inflects 9. If a vehicle...Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's English Dictionary
8.
~1 v past tense and past participle ground, 1 »INTO SMALL PIECES« a) also grind up to break something such as corn or coffee beans into small pieces or powder, either in a machine or between two hard surfaces b) AmE to cut food, especially raw meat, into very small pieces by putting it through a machine (mince1 (1) BrE) 2 »SMOOTH/SHARP« to make something smooth or sharp by rubbing it on a hard surface or by using a machine (a stone for grinding knives and scissors | The lenses are ground to a high standard of precision.) 3 »PRESS STH DOWN« T always + adv/prep to press something down into a surface and rub it with a strong twisting movement (grind sth into/in) (He dropped a cigar butt and ground it into the carpet with his heel.) 4 grind your teeth to rub your upper and lower teeth together making a noise 5 grind to a halt a) if a vehicle grinds to a halt, it stops gradually (Traffic ground to a halt as it approached the accident site.) b) if a country, organization, or process grinds to a halt, it gradually stops working (As more and more workers joined the strike, Britain's economy was grinding to a halt.) 6 grind the faces of the poor to make poor people work very hard and give them almost nothing in return (- see also have an axe to grind axe1 (4)) grind sb down phr v to treat someone in a cruel way for such a long time that they lose all courage and hope; oppress (Years of dictatorship had ground the people down.) grind on phr v to continue for an unpleasantly long time (Winter grinds on until March.) grind sth out phr v to produce information, writing, music etc in such large amounts that it becomes boring (Frank just keeps grinding out detective stories.) ~2 n 1 something that is hard work and physically or mentally tiring (I find the journey to work a real grind. | the daily grind (=things that you have to do every day that are boring)) 2 AmE informal a student who never does anything except study; swot1 ...Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
Английский словарь американских идиом
10.
- O.E. grindan, forgrindan "destroy by crushing" (class III strong verb; past tense grand, pp. grunden), from P.Gmc. *grindanan, related to ground, from PIE *ghrendh- "crushing." The noun sense "steady, hard work" first recorded 1851; the meaning "hard-working student" is Amer.Eng. slang from 1864. ...Английский Этимологический словарь
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